Steam generator



March 23 1926. 1,577,438

V. ANDRIOLI.

STEAM GENERATOR Filed March 31, 1924 2 sh t -sh et 1 VITTOR IO ANDR IOLI INVEHI' OR ayw ac/ H 15 ATTORNEY March 23 1926.

V. AN DRIOLI STEAM GENERATOR Filed March 51, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 3 VITTORIO ANDRIOLI NVENTOR QHIS ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 23, 1926 IED vimronro AnnnIo'LI, or FOGGIA, ITALY.

STEAM GENERATOR.

Application filed March 31, 1924. Serial No. 703,110.

1. '0 all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, VrrroRIo ANDnIoLI, a subject of the Kingdom of Italy, and residing at Foggia, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Generators, of which the following is a specificatio This invention relates to steam generators and has for its main object to provide an improved steam boiler the interior whereof is divided by two vertical partitions into three longitudinal compartments side-byside, one central and two lateral compartments, which three compartments are in communication one with another, distributors arranged entirely inside or outside the boiler and at the two sides of the firebox and communicating with the said lateral compartments being provided for distributing to water tubes in the firebox the feed water which is injected into the lateral compartments and entrained by a current of hot water coming from the central compartment. I

The said distributors may be closed or open at the top.

Further, each said lateral compartment may be divided by one or more horizontal partitions into two or more superposed longitudinal chambers communicating one with another in such manner that the said current of hot water from the central compartment is compelled to flow through two chambers consecutively in counter-current.

Other features of the invention will be described hereinafter and pointed out in the claims.

Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical longitudmal section of one form of horizontal boiler according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a horizontal section thereof, and

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the line 3-3 in Figure 1;

Figure tis a vertical section of a modified form of boiler.

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken on the line 5-5 in Figure 2 showing a slightly modified construction of the channels in the distributors Figure 6 is a vertical section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 2 with certain parts omitted.

Figure 7 is a transverse section taken on the line 7--7 in Figure 4.

Figure 8 is a vertical longitudinal section showing-a third form of boiler accordin to the invention,

- ig'ure 9 is a transverse section taken on the line 9'9 in Figure 8, and

Figures 10 to 13 are transverse half-sections showing four modifications.

Referring first to Figures 1 to 5, the boiler is divided within its cylindrical part 1 by means of two vertical parallel partitions 2 and 3 into three longitudinal compartments 4:, 5 and 6, whereof the compartment 4: is central and the compartments 5 and 6 are one at each side thereof. The central compartment 4 is traversed longitudinally by the usual smoke tubes 7 extending from the firebox 8 to the smokebox 9. The partitions 2 and 3 are riveted to the upper and lower 7 parts of the boiler by means of angle irons 10. The lateral compartments 5, 6 communicate with the central compartment 4: on the one hand by way of a series of openings 11 made inthe upper marginalportions of the partitions 2, 3, and on the other hand by a passage 12 left'free between the rear end of the said partitions and the front wall 13 of the smokeboX 9. The rear ends of the lateral compartments 5, 6 are otherwise closed by the wall 13 and the front-ends by partitions 14c (Fig. 2). Extending through these partitions 14; are two water distribu- -t0rs or collectors arranged entirely within the central compartment 4; the other ends 109 of these tubes 17 are closed each by a removable cap permitting cleaning. The tubes 16, 17 of the two series are so disposed that the tubes of the one series cross those of the other.

This form of boiler operates as follows Feed water is introduced into the lateral compartment 5 or 6, or into both at once, as desired, by means of injectors 24, 25. This water meets with a strong current of hot 110 water coming from the central compartment l in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 1. This current entrains the feed water into. the channels or distributors 15 where it is divided amongst the various tubes 16, 17. Owing to this arrangement it is rapidly heated to the boiling point. Any water not vaporized enters into the space between the firebox 8 and the boiler and goes thence into the central compartment, whence it circulates afresh through the lateral compartments. The steam which has been generated passes over the water contained in the central compartment 4 and, owing to the openings 11, on that which is in the lateral compartments and leaves the boiler by the dome 18. If the distributor are open (Fig. 5,) the steam comes into. direct contact with the water entrained the-rein.

Owing to the fresh feed water being heated on its way through the lateral compartments and still further in the distributors directly or indirectly by the steam produced in the water tubes 16, 17, it will be understood that it arrives in the latter heated to a temperature nearly equal to the maximum temperature in the boiler.

Referring to Figures 1 and 7, this em: bodiment differs from that just described only in the partitions 2 and 3- be-ing pro,- vided at their lower margins with a long opening 19 and in their rear ends butting against the. wall 13: of the smokebox. Further, each lateral compartment 5, 6 is divided by a horizontal wall 20 into. two superposed chambers 21 and 22 which communicate one with another at the rear end by a passage 23 (Figure 4C).. The injectors 24, 25 open into the upper chamber 21 of each lateral compartment. The operation of this form of boiler will be. readily understood. A current of hot water coming from the central compartment t enters by the openings 19 into the lower chambers 22 of the lateral compartments, passes by way of the passage 23 into the upper chambers 21 where it meets the fresh feed water which it entrains towards the distributors and so on as described above.

In the boiler shown in Figures 8 and 9 the partitions are provided in their lower marginal portions near the wall 13 each with an opening 26 permitting communication between the three compartments. The lateral compartments are divided each into three. superposed chambers 27 28, 29, and the injectors 2a, 25 open into the top, ones. The diiierent chambers of each lateral compartment communicate one with another by way of the passages 30, 31 (Figure 8). The hot water coming from the central compartment 1 first enters the lower chambers 2'7 by way of the openings 26-, then goes along the passages 30 into the middle chambers 28 and thence by way of the passages 31 into the top chambers 29 whence it entrains the fresh ieed water to the distributors. In stead of being open above as indicated in the figures described above, the lateral compartments of all the forms of boilers may be closed, as illustrated by way of example in Figures 10, 11 and 13. These figures will be readily understood without further exp na ion- In order to accelerate the vaporization of the water in the lateral compartments smoke tubes may be arranged therein, as indicated in Figures 12 and 13.

Further, instead of only one distributor at each side of the firebox, a plurality thereof and, correspondingly, a plurality of series of tubes crossing one another may be provided.

The following advantages are obtained by means of the boilers described above Owing to the described division of the boiler into three juxtaposed longitudinal compartments a circulation of feed water is obtained which permits its being heated, before it enters the firebox, to a temperature almost equal to the maximum temperature in the boiler. Consequently, the last heating of the water in the tubes 16, 17 for its vaporization is effected much more rapidly than in known boilers. Moreover, the described arrangement of the tubes 16, 17 considerably increases the direct heating surface which results in a greater vaporization eliect in the said tubes. This enables the consumption offuel to be reduced and the boiler to be operated at a minimum cost. The powerful circulation set up in the lateral compartments prevents incrustation of the walls of the boiler; the deposit precipitated in the form of mud can be removed readily and periodically from the compartments and tubes 17 by any convenient means. The rapid and eliicient heating and the circulation of the feed water also have the advan: tage that great variations of temperature owing to irregular stoking (especially in locomotives, for which the described boiler is particularly suitable) are prevented.

It is to be understood that various modifications may be made in the constructions described above within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

I claim 1. In a horizontal flue boiler having a fire box at one end thereof, a smoke box at the other end and boiler tubes adjacent the fire box, the combination of two vertical longitudinal partitions in the boiler dividing the interior of the boiler into three juxtaposed longitudinal compartments means for supplying i'eed water to the lateral compartments within the boiler, means providing inter-communication between the several compartments whereby highly heated boiler water in the central compartment flows longitudinally of the boiler into the lateral compartments to mix with and entrain the feed water therein, and means for directing the Water in the lateral compartments longitudinally of the boiler into the boiler tubes.

2. In a horizontal flue boiler, the combination with the elements claimed in claim 1, of partitions dividing each lateral compartment into a plurality of superimposed longitudinal chambers, and means whereby water is caused to flow through successive chambers in opposite directions.

In testimony whereof, I afiiX my signature.

VITTORIO ANDRIOLI. 

